The rainforest of Peru is home for a hundred communities native People, for several centuaries their ancestor relied exclusivelety from the amazon rainforest in different aspect, food, clothing, medicina, etc. one important contact with outsiders was the Andes people for centuaries they traded wood, cotton, coca leaves, feathers, herbal medicinal, in exchange for metal tools. But today's, change most of this communities has contact with outside world- In the late 19th centuary the reason that attracted outside people to the Amazon Rainforest was the latex from wild rubber tree, "cahuchu" (weeping wood) beacause the drop of latex form the bark of big white tears. 
In 1839 the vulcanization (the prosses to make rubber) has created great demand for rubber by manufacturers both in the U.S. and Europe, this demand brough Rubber hunters from all over the world upper of the Amazon in search of rubber tree and their fortunes.

Forcing to thousands of local natives people to collect latex  for to increse their profits. In 1860 there were an estimated 50.000 native people, by the early 1900s there were less 10.000 still living. Fourtunaly the Amazon Rubber boom died shortly after 1910 when rubber plantations in the far East began producing an abundant and less expensive supply of rubber for the world market. In 1950s. the rubber explotation was remplce by the haciendas (farmers, growing coffe and cacao plantations) working for this landowners gave the rainforest people some protection from outsiders, because the were enable to do accounts, the were in debt all time.
 
 

  Language Family groups
 

Arawakan Language	Panoan Language	Jivaroan Language	Witotoan Language
Ashaninca Caquinte Machiguenga Yanesha (Amuesha) Nanti Pajonal Asheninca Yani (piro) Nomatsiguenga  Mashco Piro	Amahuaca Shipibo/Conibo Cashibo/Cacataibo Yaminahua/Chitonahua Yora Capanahua Sharanahua/Mastanahua Matses	Achuar/Shiwiar Aguaruna Huambisa	Bora Ocaina Murui Witoto

 
 
 

Small Language	Isolates Language
Small Language families Cahuapana Tucano Zaparo Pebayahuana	Taushiro Amarakaeri/Aratbut Candoshi/shapra Urarina

Arawakan Group
Machiguengas - (Arawakan)
They call themselves: Machiguengas "human being"
Population: 8,000
Location: They are located across the Southwestern part of the peruvian Amazon basin in the states of Cusco and Madre de Dios, the Mchiguenga People live on the following principal rivers upper and lower Urubamba, (camisea, picha, timpia ) Upper of Madre de Dios river and Manu river.Before European invaders and Catholic missions Machiguenga People has a little contact with outside people, during centuaries they trade relations established  with andes people, they trade wood,dye,cotton, coca leaves, fathers, and herbal medicines in exchange for metal tools. In 1847 the discovery of the Sarsaparilla bark, use in the manufacturing of quinine for the treatment of malaria, brought an increased number of bark seekers into the area, the rubber boom, a few decades later, left its imprint on the machiguengas. It is be lieved that as a result of maltreatment and epidemics thousand of machiguengas people died. 1950 Outsider continued to be present in the area, when "Haciendas" were established, working for these landowners gave the machiguengas some protections from others outsiders but because the people were illiterare and unable to keep accunts they were always in debt.
Traditions
The Machiguenga People were semi-nomadic isolationists living in small extended family groups, they lived from day to day hunting, fishing, and useing the slash and burn method of agriculture. Their style of dress consisted of homespun hand-woven beltless tunic-type robes knows as Cushmas. Both men and women wore cushmas, vertical stripes and "v" shaped necklines for the men, and orizontal stripes and straight necklines for the women. The man wore headbands low on their foreheads, the women adorned the shoulder seams beads,feather,bones, both sexes used necklaces, arms bands and nosepieces fashioned from flattened silver coins.
Machiguenga Society: was anismistic with beliefs characterized by fear of everithing eclipses of the moon, the people ere burdened by the constant need to observe certain taboos. During pregnacy they avoided eating certain foods, at other times they ovoided naming certain animals or birds to keep them from doing harm, they avoided certain activities which were considered dangerous, they particularly evoided personal encounters with life-threatening spirts. At best life was short and hard with an uncertain destiny after death.
During the late 1950's the world of God began to enter the Machiguenga world of hopelessness and fear with the message of eternal life, and the presence of a loving God, Litle by litle, as the transalation progressed and undertanding grew, light and truth began to overcome the darkness of their beliefs. Many Machiguengas still observe the traditional life style and belief system, but for other the old the old way of saing goodbye
 

Yine (Arawakan)
They call themselves: Yine "people" (previously known as the Piro)
Population:
Location:They call themselves Yine "people" (previously known as the Piro)

suffered greatly under the rubber "patron" during the beginning of the 20th centuary, many life were lost durning the following decades they became enslaved to another set of patron, the  so called landowners, who gave them trade goods on credits in exchange for labor. The people's was practically impossible for them to be debt free. it wan't untill the establiment of biligual schools by SIL, in cooperation with the Peruvian government in 1953 that the Yines learned to keep accounts and finally were able to free themselves from the bondage of the patron system.

Ashaninca (Arawanka)
They call themselves: Asheninka  "fellow citizens"
Population: 15,000
 Location: The largest and most cohesive group lives in the Pichis River valley in the state of Pasco, two other group live in around the Apurucayali River in the state of Junin, fourth group lives on the upper Ucayali River in the state of Ucayali
 
 

Caquinte (Arawanka)
They call themselves: Caquinte People
 Population: 300-350
 Location: In the foothills alongthe poyeni and Agueni Rivers, tributaries of the Tambo and Urubamba River in Southeastern of Peru, in the States of Junin and Cusco.

Yanesha (Arawanka)
They call themselves: Yanesha "people"
Population: 10,000
 Location: They are located in the eastern foothills of the Andes in the state of Pasco and Junin

Nanti (Arawanka)
They call themselves: "Nanti"
Population: 300
 Location: Southeastern Peru on upper Camisea River in the State of Cusco, aditional small groups are living in the headwaters region of the Timpia River

Pajonal Ashenincan (Arawanka)
They call themselves: Asheninca people
 Population: 16,000 - 20,000
 Location: The central Gran Pajonal area and tributaries on the west side of the Ucayali River in the State of Ucayali

 Nomatshiguega (rawanka)
They call themselves: Atiri "fellow citizens"
 Population: 4,500
 Location: In the foothills of the Andes in the state of Junin between the Ene and Perene rivers, aproximately 25 communities are settle along small rivers at altitud 2,300 ft to 3,800 ft above sea level. 

Mashco Piro (Arawanka)
They call themselves: (have no been cotacted)
Population:
Location: Southeaster Peru between Madre de Dios and Manu rivers, small  groups are living on the headwater Pinquen river, 
 
 
 
 

Panoan Group

Yaminahua -  (Panoan)
They call themselves: "Chitonahua"
Population:
Location:

During the rubber boom some Yaminahuas had contact with the out side world. but when they witnessed the cruel treatment the native people recived, many of them moved back inti the forest where they remained for several decades. Part of the group resumed contact with the outside world in the 1950s. The Chitonahuas, a subgroup of the Yaminahuas, remained hidden for four more decades. In 1995 a group of lumbermen contacted them.
After to contact Yaminahuas people became accustomed to migrating by whole villeges about every six years always moving downriver. Those living on the Yurua River are now close to the border Brasil, and some of this group come to head of Manu river in the state of Madre de Dios.
Traditionally the Yaminahuas lived in the large house open space for Fiestas and the areas were situated around  the edges of the construction. At present, however, the People live in small separate family dwellings. While the older generation prefer living under a roof with a dirt floor and no walls, the younger generation prefer living in a houses with a raised pona (palm bark) floor and walls. They frequently rebuild their homes.
Men provide fish and game. They fish with tarrafa (large circular net) or with hook and line, They hunt with bows and arrows. Other responsibilities of the men are felling trees to make canoes, construction of house and clear land for gardens. Women care for the children, wash clothes, gather firewood, prepare food, plant, cultivate the garden. The women also grow and spin cotton and make string hammocks. 

Both men and women used to wear head dresses made from the outer bark of bamboo on wich they painted geometrical designs. They also wore necklaces and bracelets made of black seeds, monkey teeth. The body attire of early years has been discontinued. The men used to wear only belts made from plants, now they dress on shorts  or trousers and shirts, women wear western style skirts, dresses or pants.
Marriage patterns are ery simple, they are no festivities or ceremonies, the couple simply begings living together, they seem to marry at age 15 to 16 years old.
In the past when someone died the body was buried immediately under the house and the house was burned.
Many of the young adults and school ege children are reading scripture in their mother tongue which is having a stabilizing effect on their lives.